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Barbara Crane (born 1928) is an American artist photographer born in Chicago, IL. Crane works with a variety of materials including Polaroid, gelatin silver, and platinum prints among others. She is known for her experimental and innovative work that challenges the straight photograph by incorporating sequencing, layered negatives, and repeated frames. Naomi Rosenblum notes that Crane "pioneered the use of repetition to convey the mechanical character of much of contemporary life, even in its recreational aspects."〔Rosenblum, Naomi. ''A History of Women Photographers.'' New York: Abbeville Press Publishers, 2000. 279.〕 Crane has been the recipient of fellowships and grants, such as the Illinois Arts Council Artists Fellowship (2001), National Endowment for the Arts Grant (1988, 1974), Polaroid Corporation Materials Grants (1979-1995), and John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship in Photography (1979).〔Heller, Jules and Nancy G. Heller, eds. ''North American Women Artists of the Twentieth Century.'' New York: Routledge, 2013.〕 Crane has also been an honored educator for the National Society for Photographic Education (1993); a distinguished artist at the Union League Club in Chicago, Illinois (2006); and a distinguished artist at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island (2006). Her awards also include the YWCA Outstanding Achievement Award (1987) and the Ruth Horwich Award to a Famous Chicago Artist (Chicago, Illinois, 2009). In 2013, Barbara Crane was named artist honoree at the Hyde Park Art Center in Chicago, Illinois. Crane's work is represented in numerous public collections including the International Center for Photography, New York City; the International Museum of Photography, George Eastman House, Rochester; the Art Institute of Chicago; the J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles; the National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto, Japan; the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago; the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston; and the WestLicht Museum of Photography, Vienna, Austria.〔Crane, Barbara. http://barbaracrane.desordre.net/〕〔Heller, Jules and Nancy G. Heller, eds. ''North American Women Artists of the Twentieth Century.'' New York: Routledge, 2013.〕 Crane's archive resides at the Center for Creative Photography at the University of Arizona in Tucson, AZ. ==Education and teaching career== Crane studied at Mills College in Oakland, California In 1950, she received her BA in art history from New York University. After recommencing her career in photography, Barbara Crane showed a portfolio of her work to Aaron Siskind in 1964 and was admitted to the Graduate Program in Photography at the Institute of Design at the Illinois Institute of Technology.〔Foerstner, Abigail. “The Path to the Perfect Photograph” in Barbara Crane: Challenging Vision. Chicago: City of Chicago, Department of Cultural Affairs, 2009.〕 Crane then studied under Siskind at the Institute of Design, Illinois Institute of Technology, and received her MS from the Institute in 1966.〔Heller, Jules and Nancy G. Heller, eds. ''North American Women Artists of the Twentieth Century.'' New York: Routledge, 2013.〕〔Rosenblum, Naomi. ''A History of Women Photographers.'' New York: Abbeville Press Publishers, 2000. 317.〕 Crane’s master’s degree thesis focused on “sculptural patterns through abstractions of the human body.”〔Foerstner, Abigail. “The Path to the Perfect Photograph” in Barbara Crane: Challenging Vision. Chicago: City of Chicago, Department of Cultural Affairs, 2009.〕 The images for this series depict bodies against white backgrounds – the overexposed, overdeveloped nature of the film turns these bodies into abstract outlines. John Rohrbach states, “each body almost dissolves, becoming a sinuous river flowing across a snowy landscape. This unnerving disconnect between what is seen and what is known would become a central theme of her career.”〔Rohrbach, John. “Seeing Life Differently” in Barbara Crane: Challenging Vision. Chicago: City of Chicago, Department of Cultural Affairs, 2009.〕 While in the MA program at the Institute of Design at the Illinois Institute of Technology, Crane was hired to start and chair the photography program at New Trier High School in Winnetka, Illinois. Eighteen months after graduating from ID, she secured a position to teach photography at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago which she held from 1967 (becoming a full professor in 1978) through 1995.〔Rohrbach, John. “Seeing Life Differently” in Barbara Crane: Challenging Vision. Chicago: City of Chicago, Department of Cultural Affairs, 2009.〕 Throughout her teaching career, Crane also traveled as both a visiting professor and artist for institutions including Bezalel Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem (1987), Cornell University in Ithaca, New York (1983), the School of the Museum of Fine Arts of Boston (1979), University of the Arts in Philadelphia (1977), and the Institute of Design at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago (1969). In 1971, Crane visited Ansel Adams at his home to show him a selection of her work. Adams told an assistant “See I told you photographers could still do something different” upon viewing her Repeats series.〔Foerstner, Abigail. “The Path to the Perfect Photograph” in Barbara Crane: Challenging Vision. Chicago: City of Chicago, Department of Cultural Affairs, 2009.〕 After this encounter, Adams hired Crane to teach workshops at Yosemite between 1977-1980.〔Foerstner, Abigail. “The Path to the Perfect Photograph” in Barbara Crane: Challenging Vision. Chicago: City of Chicago, Department of Cultural Affairs, 2009.〕 During Crane’s Guggenheim Fellowship (1979), she collaborated with the Center for Creative Photography in Tucson, Arizona to create a career retrospective of her work. During her time in Boston, she formed a relationship with the Polaroid Corporation and through the Polaroid Artist Support Program she experimented with Polaroid products and color photography in numerous series. In 1995, Crane became Professor Emeritus at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago.〔Crane, Barbara. http://barbaracrane.desordre.net/〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Barbara Crane」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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